Endocrine Abstracts

Background: vitamin D has been associated with different beneficial effects on the immune system. The vitamin D activating (CYP2R1 and CYP27B1) and inactivating (CYP24A1) enzymes, including the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are expressed in several types of white blood cells (WBC). A range of studies have explored whether vitamin D positively affects risk of and severity of respiratory tract infections such as tuberculosis, influenza, cold and COVID-19.Object...

Background: Male infertility is associated with a higher long-term morbidity and mortality risk. However, it is not clear which diseases are contributing to this risk. Osteoporosis is a possible factor, as it is a frequent disease and sex steroids regulate both fertility and bone health. Furthermore, there are data indicating that high FSH levels in women are related to low bone mineral density (BMD), independent of estradiol levels. As infertile men often have increased FSH, ...